“双碳”目标下碳汇交易司法机制创新的逻辑与进路

The Logic of and Approach to Innovating the Judicial Mechanism of Carbon Sink Trading Under the“Dual Carbon”Goals

我国的“双碳”政策体系将健全法治保障措施作为推进“双碳”工作的重点任务之一。构建“双碳”目标法治保障体系是一项系统工程,司法服务保障机制是其重要组成部分。从法律逻辑上看,司法服务保障“双碳”目标的诉讼类型应属于环境司法,增加碳汇是司法助力“双碳”目标的着力点,碳汇交易是司法助力“双碳”目标的机制创新路径,其机制法理是将碳汇交易作为一种替代性修复的新型方式。涉碳环境司法中碳汇交易的机制适用路径包括以下几个层次:明确“碳汇交易”司法适用的条件;厘清“碳汇交易”机制司法适用的案件类型;选择“碳汇交易”机制的适用方式,包括当事人认购碳汇用于原位修复、当事人认购碳汇用于异位修复、设置公益碳账户实现异质修复等。

China s“dual carbon”policy system takes the improvement of the measures to guarantee the rule of law as one of the key tasks to promote the“dual carbon”work.It is an important part of the rule of law guarantee system to innovate the judicial guarantee mechanism that serves the“dual carbon”goals.From the perspective of legal logic,the judicial paradigm of justice serving the“dual carbon”goals should be an ecological judicial mechanism.Increasing carbon sinks is the focus of judicial assistance to“dual carbon”goals,and carbon sink trading is an innovative mechanism path of judicial assistance to“dual carbon”goals.Its mechanism jurisprudence is to take carbon sink trading as a new way of alternative remediation.The application of carbon sink trading mechanism in carbon ecological justice includes the following aspects:clarifying the conditions for judicial application of“carbon sink trading”;specifying the types of cases for judicial application of“carbon sink trading”mechanism;and choosing the application methods of“carbon sink trading”mechanism,including the parties subscription to carbon sinks for in-situ remediation,the parties subscription to carbon sinks for ex-situ remediation,and setting up public interest carbon accounts for heterogeneous remediation.