探索从定额到市场化的工程造价改革之路

Exploring Path of Cost Engineering Reform from Application of Quotas to Marketization

我国内地政府工程计价模式为国标清单+定额组价,但定额具有明显的行政主导性、滞后性,与实际工程建设存在脱节,不利于推进工程造价改革。中国香港工料测量采用港式清单+市场报价的模式,在计价方面实行国际通行的市场化计价方式,更能反映真实市场价格水平。对比分析两地的计量计价规则,可为内地工程计量定价及管理体系改革提出全过程造价管理模式、清单形式、市场化计价模式、动态结算及合同管理等方面的建议。

The cost engineering model for construction projects in China's Mainland is GB codes of bills+fised group price.There is obvious administrative dominance and time lag in the publishment of quotas,so the adoption of quotas may cause unrealistic cost estimation of construction projects,which is not conducive to the promotion of cost engineering reform.In Hong Kong,the quantity surveyors adopt bills of quantities based on HKSMM+market rates,and implement internationally accepted market⁃based approach in cost engineering,whereby the actual price level of the market could be truly reflected.Through the comparative analysis of the measurement and pricing rules of the construction projects of the two places,suggestions for reform of quantity surveying and management system in China's Mainland are put forward on the whole process cost management model,bills of quantities model,market⁃based pricing model,dynamic final account settlement and contract management.