全球产业链重构背景下提升我国价值链水平策略研究

Research on China's industrial upgrading strategies in the era of global value chain reconstruction

产业链、供应链和价值链的全球化是全球经济系统的本质内容。市场、成本、技术和政府等多重因素推动全球产业链布局不断动态调整。2008年全球金融危机后,世界经济进入深度调整,民族主义、贸易保护主义抬头,叠加新冠肺炎疫情、俄乌冲突等重大事件冲击,既有全球化格局受到巨大挑战,全球产业链或加速重构调整。本文回顾了全球产业格局的演变以及全球价值链对产业升级的影响;展望了全球产业链向区域化、数字化、知识化和服务化发展的趋势;分析了中国产业链总体特征以及全球产业链加速重构给中国带来的挑战;最后探讨了提升我国价值链水平的潜在策略,包括国家战略层面的引导,突破要素供给和市场需求约束层面的路径选择,以及畅通内、外循环的宏观策略。

The globalization of industrial chain,supply chain and value chain have been the essential content of global economic system.Multiple factors such as market,cost,technology and governance have driven the continuous dynamic adjustment of global industrial chains.After the global financial crisis in 2008,the world economy entered a stage of deep adjustment.Nationalistic sentiments have been rekindled in some countries,fuelling a rhetoric that blames foreigners for the economic woes faced by the domestic residents.The resulting trade protectionism,the outbreak of Covid-19,and the Russo-Ukrainian War challenge the development of globalization and result in a speed-up of global industrial chain restructuring.This paper first reviews the evolution of global industrial structure and the impact of global value chain specialization on industrial upgrading.Subsequently,we look forward to the development trend of global industrial chain towards regionalization,digitization,more knowledgeable and serviced,and analyze the overall characteristics of China's industrial chain and the challenges brought to China by the accelerated reconstruction of global industrial chains.Finally,we discuss potential strategies to promote China's industrial upgrading,including the guidance at the national strategic level,the path selection at the level of breaking through the constraints of factor supply and market demand,and the macro strategy of unblocking the internal and external circulation.