水生态环境质量评价方法及在黄河流域的应用进展

Evaluation Methods of Aquatic Ecological Environment Quality and Their Application Progress in the Yellow River Basin

开展水生态环境质量评价方法研究,建立合适的河流健康评价体系是解决河流健康问题的前提和实现河流健康管理的重要手段。黄河自上而下生态环境现状迥异,水生态环境脆弱,寻求一种或多种适合黄河流域水生态环境质量的评价方法具有重要意义。该文介绍了国内外水生态环境质量评价方法及在黄河流域的应用进展,总结了鱼类生物完整性指数(F-IBI)、底栖无脊椎动物完整指数(B-IBI)、着生藻类生物完整性指数(P-IBI)及水生态环境质量综合评价法的主要指标,以及黄河流域不同区域生物种类的评价指标,分析了各评价方法优缺点及应用范围,并根据目前研究基础评述了黄河流域水生态环境质量评价存在的问题,对黄河流域水生态环境质量评价方法、指示生物的选择及水生态环境质量综合评价法的研究等提出了具体建议。

It is a prerequisite for solving problems of river health and an important means of realizing river health management to carry out the research on evaluation methods of aquatic ecological environment quality and establish a suitable river health evaluation system.Present ecological environment of the Yellow River upstream to downstream is widely different,and the aquatic ecological environment quality is fragile.Therefore it is of great significance to seek one or more evaluation methods suitable for the aquatic ecological environment quality of the Yellow River Basin.In this paper,the evaluation methods of aquatic ecological environment quality at home and abroad as well as their application progress in the Yellow River Basin were introduced.The main indexes of fish-index of biological integrity(F-IBI),benthos-index of biological integrity(B-IBI),periphyton-index of biological integrity(P-IBI) and aquatic ecological environmental quality evaluation method were summarized,and the evaluation indexes of biological species in diverse regions of the Yellow River Basin were analyzed.The advantages and disadvantages of each evaluation method and its application ranges were analyzed.Based on the current research foundation,problems of aquatic ecological environment quality evaluation in the Yellow River Basin were reviewed,and specific suggestions for selecting of evaluation methods,indicator organisms,along with the study of the comprehensive evaluation method of aquatic ecological environment quality in the Yellow River Basin were put forward.