新疆资源型企业的空间分布与区位选择

Spatial distribution and location choice of resource-basedenterprises in Xinjiang

以新疆维吾尔自治区为典型案例,以2016—2019年新疆资源型企业数据为基础,采用核密度估计、多距离空间聚类分析和条件Logit模型等方法,刻画了新疆资源型企业的空间格局与演化特征,分析了其在不同距离尺度上的集聚强度与发展规律,并在此基础上探究了新疆资源型企业区位选择的影响因素。结果表明:(1)新疆资源型企业总体表现为“一心两带”的空间分布格局,并呈现出由“乌市一心”向“南北双核”的演化趋势。(2)新疆资源型企业表现为显著的集聚分布特征,集聚强度逐年提高,并由“单峰”结构向“双峰”结构发展。(3)资源型企业的区位选择受到社会、经济和自然环境等多方面因素的影响,其中区位经济发展程度、劳动力水平和水资源分布的影响最大。(4)对于不同类型和所有制的资源型企业,其区位选择的影响因素具有明显的异质性。研究结果对于理解新疆资源型企业的空间分布格局,厘清资源型企业区位选择的影响因素,探明资源型企业空间分异的微观机理具有一定的参考价值。

This study describes the spatial pattern and evolution characteristics of resource-based enterprises in Xinjiang,China based on the data of resource-based enterprises from 2016 to 2019.These characteristics were determined using kernel density estimation,multi-distance spatial clustering analysis,and conditional logit model.Their agglomeration intensity and development law at different distance scales were analyzed,and the influencing factors of location selection of resource-based enterprises in Xinjiang were explored.The results show that:(1)Xinjiang resource-based enterprises generally show a spatial distribution pattern of“one center,two belts”and show an evolutionary trend from“one center in Urumqi”to“two cores in the north and south”.(2)The resource-based enterprises in Xinjiang are characterized by significant agglomeration distribution.The agglomeration intensity was found to increase gradually and has developed from a“single peak”structure to a“double peak”structure.(3)The location choice of resource-based enterprises is affected by several factors,among which the development of location economy,level of labor force,and natural distribution of water have the greatest impact.(4)The influencing factors of location choice have obvious heterogeneity for different types and ownership of resource-based enterprises.The results of this research contribute to the understanding of spatial distribution pattern of resource-based enterprises in Xinjiang,clarifying the influencing factors of location selection and exploring the micro mechanism of spatial differentiation of resource-based enterprises.