橡胶/香露兜间作对香露兜香气成分的影响

Effects of Hevea brasiliensis and Pandanus amaryllifolius Roxb.Intercropping on Aroma Components of Pandan Plants

香露兜是中国热带地区特色香料作物之一,其叶片香气成分含量是鉴定香露兜品质的关键指标。香露兜适宜在遮阴条件下种植,其中在橡胶林下间作香露兜是海南地区常见的栽培模式,但橡胶间作香露兜后对香露兜叶片香气成分的影响仍未探明。本研究拟通过盆栽试验,对比橡胶/香露兜间作处理和香露兜单作条件下土壤理化性质和香露兜叶片香气成分种类与含量的差异。结果表明,橡胶/香露兜间作处理与香露兜单作相比,显著提高土壤容重13.63%,土壤碱解氮含量59.71%,土壤速效磷含量193.03%、土壤速效钾含量9.78%,土壤pH降低1.00(P<0.05);间作和单作处理共检测出10类68种香气成分,间作与单作相比,酮类、呋喃类、呋喃酮类、烃类和酚类的物质种类数量分别减少56.52%、14.29%、33.33%、20.00%、28.57%(P<0.05);尽管呋喃类、烃类和酮类的香气成分含量分别显著减少65.28%、20.88%和69.00%,但醇类、呲咯类、酯类和呋喃酮类香气成分含量分别增加31.50%、597.56%、122.78%、96.89%(P<0.05)。土壤pH降低是香露兜叶片酮类、呋喃类、呋喃酮类、烃类和酚类香气成分组成减少的主要原因;间作模式通过降低pH、提高土壤速效磷和碱解氮含量显著提高醇类、呲咯类、酯类含量,减少呋喃类、烃类含量;吡咯类物质是香露兜叶片主要香气成分物质,因此,橡胶/香露兜间作模式显著促进香露兜香品质提升。研究结果对优化和推广橡胶间作香露兜具有积极作用,有助于促进胶农增收以及相关产业的可持续发展。

As one of the characteristic spice crops in tropical areas of China,the content of aroma components is the key index to identify the quality of Pandanus amaryllifolius Roxb.(Pa).Pa is suitable for planting under shade of Hevea brasiliensisr(Hb)forest in Hainan Island,China.However,the effect of Hb and Pa intercropping on the aroma component of the leaves of Pa has not been explored.Pot experiments were set up to compare the differences of soil physical and chemical properties and the types and content of aromatic composition in Pa leaves under intercropping and mono-culture treatments.The intercropping mode significantly increased the soil bulk density by 13.63%,the content of soil alkali hydrolyzed nitrogen by 59.71%,the content of soil available phosphorus by 193.03%,the content of soil available potassium by 9.78%and the soil pH reduced by 1.00(P<0.05).A total of 10 categories and 68 aroma components were detected in the intercropping and monocropping treatments.Compared with monocropping treatment,intercropping significantly decreased the number of ketones by 56.52%,furans by 14.29%,furanones by 33.33%,hydrocarbons by 20.00%and phenols by 28.57%(P<0.05).Although furans significantly reduced the content of aroma components by 65.28%,hydrocarbons by 20.88%and ketones by 69.00%,they significantly increased the content of alcohol by 31.50%,pyrrole by 597.56%,esters by 122.78%and furanone by 96.89%(P<0.05).The decrease of soil pH was the main reason for the reduction of ketones,furans,furanones,hydrocarbons and phenols.Intercropping indirectly increased the content of alcohols,pyrroles and esters and reduced the content of furans and hydrocarbons by reducing pH,while increasing soil available phosphorus and alkali hydrolyzable nitrogen.Pyrrole compounds were the main aroma components of Pa,thus the intercropping mode could significantly promote the quality of Pa.The results of this study would have a posi-tive effect on the optimization and promotion of the Hb intercropping Pa mode,and also conducive to promoting the income increase of farmers and the sustainable development of related industries.