20世纪80年代乡土小说的父子伦理书写

Research on Father-son Ethical Writing in Native Novels of 1980s

20世纪80年代,在新一轮社会解放思潮的推动下,父亲本位的传统家庭结构受到巨大冲击,在乡土小说中再次形成对父性权威解构和否弃的创作热潮。该时期乡土小说的父子伦理书写可谓是多元并存,既在启蒙视野下将父亲作为封建威权的象征进行解构和否弃,又在政治历史层面中展现出父子之间的权利让渡,还在文化寻根的背景下表达了重建父亲权威形象的焦虑。而20世纪80年代乡土小说中父子之间的矛盾冲突和权利让渡并非单纯由现代商品经济观念所激发的金钱欲望使然,同时还交织着现代平等意识与阶级斗争观念的复杂纠葛;其中的“寻父”与十七年红色经典里热衷于寻找“革命父亲”也有着明显差异,其目的是重新寻找理想信仰、精神支柱以及确认自我价值,从而重建社会秩序和人文信仰以摆脱精神失落。

In the 1980s,the traditional family structure based on father was greatly affected under the impetus of a new round of thoughts of social liberation,and the creation boom of deconstructing and rejecting paternal authority was formed again in native novels.Father-son ethics in native novels in the 1980s can be described as a pluralistic coexistence,which not only deconstructs and rejects the father as a symbol of feudal authoritarianism in the perspective of enlightenment,but also shows the power transfer between father and son in the political and historical level.At the same time,it also expresses the anxiety of rebuilding the authoritarian image of father under the background of cultural root search.The conflicts and the transfer of power between father and son in native novels of the 1980s are not simply caused by the desire for money stimulated by the concept of modern commodity economy,but also mixed with the modern consciousness of equality and class struggle between the concept of complex contradiction.There is also an obvious difference between“father search”in native novels of this period and seeking for“revolutionary father”in the red classics of the seventeen years period.Its purpose is to find ideal belief,spiritual support and self-value,so as to rebuild social order and humanistic faith to get rid of spiritual loss.