原油脱盐脱水过程存在的问题和解决方案探讨

Discussion on problems and solutions in crude oil desaltingand dehydration process

原油脱盐脱水过程面临着脱后原油盐含量、水含量、排水含油量不稳定,脱盐罐中油泥堆积量大,脱盐罐内乳化层较厚等有待解决的问题。其原因是工程技术人员对该过程的技术原理理解不全面、工业装置基础数据不全、缺乏先进的优化工具和耦合创新成套技术。建议企业升级原油脱盐脱水管控指标,推动技术进步。工程技术人员要紧密结合实践,开展原油脱盐脱水过程技术基础研究,深入研究关键因子的影响及其相互作用,加快技术集成创新,按照量体裁衣的方法论开发组合技术,用数字化智能化先进技术优化装置运行。

Due to incomplete understanding of process principle,insufficient basic data of the commercial units,lack of advanced optimization tools and integrated innovation technology,process of crude oil desalting and dehydration was faced with problems such as unstable salt and water content in the treated crude oil as well as oil content in the drainage,large accumulation of sludge at the bottom of the drum,and thick emulsification layer existed in the interface between oil and water in the drum.It was suggested that enterprises upgrade the control index of the procedure to force technological progress.Moreover,it was necessary to carry out basic research on process for crude oil desalting and dehydration,deeply study the influence of key factors and their interactions,speed up technological integration and innovation,and optimize the operation of the equipment with advanced digitalized and intelligent technologies.