后量子密码迁移趋势下应用于区块链的公钥密码安全

Security of Public Key Cryptography in Blockchain under the Trend on Post-quantum Cryptography Migration

自从发现量子算法能够高效求解现今公钥密码依赖的数学困难问题,能够抵抗量子计算攻击的后量子密码算法成为研究热点,国际上对后量子密码算法的标准化工作也已相继启动.现有信息系统为保证自身安全,势必需要迁移至新一代抗量子公钥加密算法,迁移过程存在巨大的挑战与机遇.对迁移过程的研究已在美国、欧盟等国家和地区广泛推动开展、成为趋势.区块链的安全性依赖于现代密码学,特别是公钥签名技术,因此这一迁移也是区块链长效安全的必经之路.本文介绍了后量子密码迁移策略,讨论了现有区块链所应用的公钥密码如何向后量子密码进行迁移,提出下一步研究方向.

Since the proposal of quantum algorithms that can efficiently solve the mathematical hard problems that today’s public-key cryptography relies on,research on post-quantum cryptography resisting against quantum computing attacks has begun,and standardization of these algorithms has been in process in the world.In order to ensure the security of existing information systems,it is inevitable to migrate to these new quantum-resistant public key cryptography schemes,which has great challenges and opportunities.Countries and regions such as the United States and the European Union have already initiated research in this migration process,indicating that research on postquantum cryptography migration has become a trend.The security of blockchain relies on modern cryptography,especially public-key signature technology,so the migration is also necessary to achieve a long-term security of blockchain.This paper first introduces the post-quantum cryptography migration strategies,then proposes the engineering principle of post-quantum cryptography migration in terms of migration goals and migration process.After discussing the existing methodology of transition of public key cryptography used in blockchain according to this principle,some future research directions are proposed.