干旱区城市土地利用变化的碳排放效应研究--以克拉玛依市为例

Study on Carbon Emission Effect of Urban Land Use Change in Arid Area:A Case Study of Karamay City

基于克拉玛依市1995、2005、2015和2019年的遥感影像数据,应用ENVI 5.3和ArcGIS软件计算了克拉玛依市土地利用/覆被面积的变化,并采用IPCC系数法计算了研究区各时期土地利用类型的碳排放量及碳排放强度。结果表明:在1995─2019年期间,研究区耕地、草地、林地、水域和建设用地面积均有所增加,新增面积分别为111506.49、14436.99、3509.28、40861.08、6325.65 hm^(2),而未利用地面积则较大幅度减少,减少面积为176639.49 hm^(2);1995─2019年研究区碳源地类的碳排放量和净碳排放量均逐年增加,分别增加了2125.115万、2123.945万t,而碳汇地类的碳吸收量变化不明显;在1995─2019年期间,研究区的地均碳排放强度、地均建设用地碳排放强度均逐年增长,分别增加了28.12、643.15 t/hm^(2),而单位GDP碳排放强度逐年减弱,减小了6.66 t/元。总之,克拉玛依市面临较大的碳排放压力。

Based on the remote sensing image data of Karamay City in 1995,2005,2015 and 2019,ENVI 5.3 and ArcGIS were used to calculate and analyze the land use/cover change in the study area.The carbon emission data and carbon emission intensity of land use in each period of the study area were calculated and analyzed by IPCC coefficient method.The results show that from 1995 to 2019,the area of cultivated land,grassland,forest land,water area and construction land increased by 111506.49,14436.99,3509.28,40861.08 and 6325.65 hm^(2),respectively.The area of unused land decreased significantly,and the area decreased by 176639.49 hm^(2).From 1995 to 2019,the carbon emission and net carbon emission of carbon source land in the study area increased year by year,which increased by 21.25115 million tons and 21.2945 million tons respectively.The change of carbon absorption of carbon sink land was less significant.The average carbon emission intensity and the average carbon emission intensity of construction land increased year by year,which increased by 28.12 and 643.15 t/hm^(2),respectively.The carbon emission intensity per unit of GDP decreased year by year,which decreased by 6.66 t/yuan.Karamay City is facing greater carbon emission pressure.