广州海珠湖湖心岛生态修复工程植物与鸟类多样性变化研究

Study on Diversity of Plants and Birds in Ecological Restoration Project of Haizhu Lake Central Island in Guangzhou

为了探究广州海珠国家湿地公园海珠湖片区实施生物多样性提升工程的效果,对片区湖心岛进行了为期1年的植物和鸟类调查,统计分析了植物与鸟类多样性的变化特征。结果表明:植物恢复状况良好,乔木品种从12种上升到21种,平均高度、香农指数均小幅上升,均匀度指数下降;灌木品种从19种上升到38种,平均高度、平均盖度均大幅上升,香农指数小幅上升;草本品种从67种下降到32种,平均盖度大幅上升,香农指数、均匀度指数均大幅下降;在重要值方面,乔木层变化较小,草本层变化最大,乔木层中变化最明显的是构树,重要值从0.28上升到0.67,草本层中变化最明显的是薇甘菊,从0.58上升到0.92;鸟类恢复效果良好,鸟类品种从23种上升到28种,总数从178只上升到323只,且香农指数、均匀度指数均小幅上升;草本植物的Simpson指数与鸟类的Simpson指数呈负相关;草本植物的Inverse Simpson指数与鸟类的Pielou均匀度指数呈负相关。

In order to explore the specific effect of the biodiversity improvement project in Haizhu Lake Area of Guangzhou Haizhu National Wetland Park,a one-year plant and bird monitoring was conducted on the lake island in the middle of the area,and the survey data were analyzed to find out the diversity characteristics of plants and birds.The results showed that plants were in good recovery condition.Tree varieties increased from 12 to 21,and average height and Shannon index increased slightly.Uniformity index decreased.Shrub varieties increased from 19 to 38,and average height and average cover increased significantly.Shannon index increased slightly.Herb varieties decreased from 67 to 32,and average coverage increased significantly.Shannon index and uniformity index decreased significantly.In terms of important value,the tree layer changed less,while the herbaceous layer changed the most.The most obvious change in the tree layer was the tree,rising from 0.28 to 0.67,and the most obvious change in the herbaceous layer was micrantha,rising from 0.58 to 0.92.The recovery effect of birds was good,and the number of bird species increased from 23 to 28.The total number of birds increased from 178 to 323,and the Shannon index and uniformity index increased slightly.The Simpson index of herbs was negatively correlated with the Simpson index of birds,and the Inverse Simpson index of herbs was negatively correlated with the Pielou uniformity index of birds.