华莱士·史蒂文斯《最高虚构笔记》之“最高虚构”解读

An Interpretation of"Supreme Fiction"in Notes toward a Supreme Fiction by Wallace Stevens

华莱士·史蒂文斯被公认为20世纪美国诗坛最重要的现代派诗人之一。《最高虚构笔记》(Notes toward a Supreme Fiction)通常被认为是他有关诗歌本质探索的最伟大诗作。诗人在其中探讨了对艺术的独到见解,尤其是“最高虚构”(Supreme Fiction)的诗歌创作理念。该理念不仅指引了他终生的诗歌创作,也对后世其他诗人的艺术创作产生了巨大影响。因此,该文拟结合史蒂文斯的艺术创作经历,从“第一观念”与“最高虚构”的关系、诗歌变化本质对“最高虚构”的影响,以及史蒂文斯有关“诗人作为最高虚构创造者”的诗人概念等角度,结合《最高虚构笔记》中诗歌对“最高虚构”理论进行解读,以期更好地理解史蒂文斯的诗歌理念和创作实践,并为人们通过诗歌“最高虚构”为现实世界赋予秩序与意义的尝试提供一些灵感。

Wallace Stevens,has been recognized as one of the most important modernist American poets in the 20th century.Stevens'long poetic collection Notes toward a Supreme Fiction,published in 1942,is generally considered his greatest poetic exploration on the nature of poetry.Among these poems,Stevens experimented with his unique theories on art,especially"Supreme Fiction",his most significant concept of poetry creation.This theory had not only guided Stevens'lifelong poetic creation,but also influenced many later poets in their artistic practice.Therefore,this thesis intends to base its research on poems in Notes toward a Supreme Fiction,analyze the relationship between"the First Idea"and"Supreme fiction",the impact of constant change on"Supreme Fiction",and Stevens'concept of the poet being the creator of"Supreme Fiction",in an effort to better understand Stevens'poetic theories and practice.It also hopes that the study will provide some inspiration for people in their attempts to bring order and meaning to their real-world experience with the aid of"Supreme Fiction".