参训新兵中髋关节撞击综合征的发病率及相关因素分析

Incidence and related factors of femoroacetabular impingement syndrome in recruits

目的初步考察某部参训新兵髋关节撞击综合征(FAI)的发病率,并分析相关影响因素。方法选择某部参训新兵共计1958名,接诊以髋关节及周围疼痛为主要症状者。根据病史、影像学检查及体格检查结果,筛查出患有FAI的新兵,通过测量α角及中心边缘(CE)角对X线片进行评估。采用多因素logistic回归分析一般资料(性别、年龄、身高、体重、BMI、吸烟史、饮酒史)与FAI发病的关系。结果新训期间参训新兵FAI的发病率为11.13%(218/1958)。FAI在参训新兵人群中的发病与性别(P=0.020)相关,与年龄、身高、体重、BMI、吸烟史及饮酒史无关(P均>0.05),女性发病风险高于男性(OR=1.903,95%CI 1.107~3.269)。男性主要表现为凸轮畸形,女性主要表现为钳夹畸形。3000-m跑、战术动作等包含高度频繁屈髋动作的训练科目是FAI发病的主要诱因。结论FAI在参训新兵中有着较高的发病率,女性发病风险高于男性,包含频繁过度屈髋动作的训练项目是其主要的致病因素。

Objective To investigate the incidence of femoroacetabular impingement syndrome(FAI)in recruits and analyze the related factors.Methods A total of 1958 recruits were selected,and the recruits with hip joint and peripheral pain as the main symptoms were treated.Recruits with FAI were screened out based on the medical history,imaging examination and physical examination results.And the X-ray results were evaluated by the alpha angle and center-edge(CE)angle.Multivariate logistic regression was used to analyze the relationships between general data(gender,age,height,weight,body mass index[BMI],smoking history,and drinking history)and disease status.Results The incidence of FAI was 11.13%(218/1958)among the recruits during training.The incidence of FAI in recruits was related to gender(P=0.020),but not related to age,height,weight,BMI,smoking history or drinking history(all P>0.05).Female soldiers have higher risk of FAI than male soldiers(odds ratio=1.903,95%confidence interval 1.107-3.269).Male soldiers mainly showed camtype,while female soldiers mainly showed pincer-type.Training subjects such as 3000-m running and tactical movements involving highly frequent hip flexion movements were the main predisposing factors for the onset of FAI.Conclusion FAI has a high incidence among recruits.The incidence risk of females is higher than that of their male counterparts.Training programs including frequently excessive hip flexion are the main causative factors.