荷兰高等教育认证系统评估框架:内容与特点

The Assessment Framework of Accreditation System of Higher Education in the Netherlands:the Main Content and Features

高等教育评估是荷兰高等教育认证系统运行的重要环节。作为评估的实施框架,《2018年高等教育认证系统评估框架》明确规定了评估的类型、指标、规则和流程。类型上,将高等教育评估划分为高等教育机构质量保障评估和高等教育项目评估;指标上,根据上述两种评估类型采用了不同的评估指标体系,其中针对后者引入了有限性指标和广泛性指标框架;规则上,要求通过汇总各项评估指标所对应的评估结果来进行最终决策;流程上,规定由专门的认证组织负责协调、专家团队负责开展评估工作。该评估框架呈现以下四个特点:一是尊重高等教育机构内部自治权力和发展规律,二是重视高等教育机构质量保障认证结果对项目评估的前置性影响,三是坚持教师和学生在高等教育中的主人翁角色,四是注重国际化水平在高等教育评估指标中的渗透。

Assessment has been considered an important procedure of the accreditation system of higher education in the Netherlands.As the implementation framework,the Assessment Framework of Accreditation System for Higher Education 2018 stipulates the types,indicators,regulations,and processes of educational assessment.With regards to the assessment types,it includes institutional quality assurance assessment and study program assessment.For the assessment indicators,it applies different indicator systems for the above two types.Particularly,the study program assessment consists of general/limited frameworks of assessment indicators.In terms of the assessment regulations,it requires making decisions based on the overall results of assessment at each indicator.For the assessment process,it asks NVAO to coordinate an expert team to conduct the work of assessment.The Assessment Framework possesses four features:The first one is respecting the autonomous power and law of development of higher education institutions;The second one is addressing the influence of the results of institutional quality assurance accreditation on study program assessment;The third one is insisting the owner roles of teachers and students in higher education;And the fourth one is concerning the involvement of intentional level in assessment indicators of higher education.