基于“双碳”背景下构建碳排放生态补偿法律制度的问题分析

An Analysis on Challenges in Establishing a Legal Framework for Carbon Emission Ecological Compensation System amidst"Carbon Peaking and Neutrality"Ambitions

在以实现碳达峰、碳中和为目标的应对气候变化的背景下,碳排放生态补偿机制作为一种平衡机制、协调机制恰逢其时,一方面协同推进碳减排实现生态可持续发展,另一方面促进碳排放额度公平分配以匡正环境补偿正义。碳排放领域的生态补偿制度是对生态保护补偿制度的创新与完善,是生态补偿制度在应对气候变化、落实“双碳”目标上的延伸。基于构建碳排放生态补偿法律制度的问题现状,建议采取“倡导公平配置利益、丰富补偿方式和明确权责原则”的解决策略。

As the world strives to achieve carbon peaking and neutrality in the fight against climate change,the timely implementation of a carbon emission ecological compensation mechanism as a balancing and coordination mechanism is necessary.This mechanism can promote ecological sustainable development by reducing carbon emissions and ensure fair allocation of carbon emission credits to correct environmental compensation injustices.However,the construction of a legal system for ecological compensation for carbon emissions poses significant challenges.This paper recommends advocating fair allocation of benefits,enriching compensation methods,and clarifying the principles of rights and responsibilities as possible solutions.The ecological compensation system for carbon emissions is an innovative and improved version of the ecological protection compensation system and an extension of the ecological compensation system to achieve the"two-carbon"goal in response to climate change.