产业创新系统视角下的创新联合体建设--以美国纽约州纳米产业为例

Sectoral Innovation System Perspective on Building Innovation Consortium:Evidence from New York State’s nanotechnology industry

产业创新联合体的建设对于高科技发展至关重要。创新联合体的建设与架构者密不可分。产业创新系统理论认为架构者是产业内部引导各行为体朝着共同目标协同进化的组织。架构者在政府的赋能下改进制度环境,创建创新网络,扩散知识库,拓展和创造需求,推动创新联合体的形成和运行。纽约州纳米产业发展经验体现了这一机制的运行过程。该州经验表明,建设创新联合体应注重扶持作为架构者的公立科研机构,改革知识产权转移制度,完善科研人才评价体系。

Building innovation consortia is crucial to the development of high-tech industries.The construction of innovation consortia is closely related to an architect.An architect is an actor in an industry which coordinates the relationships among actors.With the government’s empowerment,the architect can improve the institutional environment,create innovation networks,diffuse knowledge bases,expand and create demand,and promote the formation and operation of the innovation consortium.The development experience New York State’s nanotechnology illustrates this mechanism.The story of New York’s nanotechnology industry enlightens us that several measures might be beneficial,such as building first-class research institutions meeting the local need,reforming the intellectual property transfer system,and improving the evaluation system of research talents.