大中尺度大气污染物扩散数值模拟研究进展

Progress of Numerical Simulation of Large and Medium-scale Atmospheric Pollutant Diffusion

应用大气污染物扩散模型模拟大中尺度下大气污染物的扩散和输送特征,为空气质量预报和健康风险评估等工作提供了科学依据。总结了目前广泛应用于模拟大气污染物的模型,以放射性核素为例,详细比较了高斯模式、拉格朗日模式和欧拉模式中应用较广泛的模型对模拟放射性核素的干湿沉降、输送和扩散的性能,展望了未来提高数值模拟精确度的方法和发展趋势,通过人工智能算法提高气象数据的质量以及贝叶斯反演方法提高排放源清单的分辨率,对未来提高模拟精确度具有重要的意义。

The diffusion of air pollutants model is applied to simulate the diffusion and transport characteristics of air pollutants at large and medium scales,which provides a scientific basis for air quality forecast and health risk assessment.The models widely used to simulate atmospheric pollutants were summarized.Taking radionuclides as an example,the performance of models widely used in Gaussian model,Lagrangian model and Euler model to simulate the dry and wet deposition,transport and diffusion of radionuclides was compared in detail.The methods and development trends to improve the accuracy of numerical simulation in the future were prospected.The quality of meteorological data can be improved by artificial intelligence algorithm,and the resolution of emission source inventory can be improved by Bayesian inversion method,which is of great significance to improve the simulation accuracy in the future.