典型锑矿区周边农作物中重金属污染特征及健康风险评价

Characteristics of Heavy Metal Contamination in Agricultural Crops around a Typical Antimony Mining Area and Evaluation of Health Risks

湖南锡矿山锑矿区周边水土污染已受到广泛关注,而农作物中重金属污染却很少受到关注。为此,系统采集了47组不同类型的农作物样品,运用单因子污染指数法、内梅罗综合污染指数法开展了重金属(Cu、Pb、Zn、Cr、Cd、As、Sb、Hg)污染评价,并进行了健康风险评估。结果表明:矿区内农作物重金属元素除Cu、Cd外超标率均在80%以上,Pb超标率为100%;4种类型农作物均为重度污染,污染程度由高到低依次为叶菜类>谷物>蔬菜类>豆类。健康风险评价结果显示:儿童通过饮食摄入重金属的风险高于成人,4种类型农作物的摄入重金属健康风险由高到低依次为:叶菜类>谷物>蔬菜类>豆类。研究成果有助于全面掌握湖南某典型锑矿区周边农产品中重金属污染状况,为锑矿区农田安全利用提供科学依据。

Soil and water pollution around the antimony mining area in the Xikuangshan of Hunan Province has received widespread attention.However,there is a lack of concern about heavy metal contamination in crops.47 groups of different types of crop samples were systematically collected,and the pollution evaluation of heavy metals(Cu,Pb,Zn,Cr,Cd,As,Sb and Hg)was carried out using the single-factor pollution index method and the Nemero integrated pollution index method,and health risk assessment was also carried out.The results show that the excess rate of heavy metal elements in crops in the mine area is above 80%except for Cu and Cd,and 100%for Pb.All four types of crops were heavily contaminated,with the degree of contamination in descending order of leafy vegetables>cereals>vegetables>legumes.The results of the health risk evaluation show that the risk of heavy metal intake by children through diet is higher than that of adults,and the health risk of heavy metal intake for the four types of crops is in descending order:leafy vegetables>cereals>vegetables>legumes.The research results provide a scientific basis for a comprehensive understanding of heavy metal contamination in agricultural products around a typical antimony mining area in Hunan Province,and for the safe use of agricultural land in antimony mining areas.