有机无机复混肥对小麦生长、土壤养分和重金属含量的影响

Effect of organic-inorganic compound fertilizer on wheat growth, nutrients and heavy metal content of soil and wheat

为探究有机无机复混肥对小麦生长、土壤养分和重金属含量的影响,以河北冬小麦为试验对象开展田间试验。试验共设置6个处理组,分别为CK(不施肥)、FP(常规施肥)、SJ40(600 kg·hm^(-2)有机无机复混肥+225 kg·hm^(-2)尿素追肥)、SJ60(900 kg·hm^(-2)有机无机复混肥+225 kg·hm^(-2)尿素追肥)、SJ80(1200kg·hm^(-2)有机无机复混肥+225 kg·hm^(-2)尿素追肥)和SJ40+30(600 kg·hm^(-2)有机无机复混肥+450 kg·hm^(-2)有机无机复混肥追肥)。结果表明:随着有机无机复混肥用量的增加,小麦产量逐渐提高,最高达到9.26 t·hm^(-2),与对照组相比,土壤中无机氮、有效磷、速效钾和有机质含量都有所提高。此外,有机无机复混肥的使用还显著降低小麦籽粒Cd和Pb的含量,最大降幅分别为28.8%和30.3%。综上,有机无机复混肥的合理使用能够提高小麦产量、改善土壤性质、降低小麦中重金属含量,在农业生产中具有极大的应用前景。

To investigate the effect of organic-inorganic compound fertilizer on wheat growth,nutrients and heavy metal content of soil and wheat,Hebei winter wheat was used to conduct the field experiments.Six treatment groups were set up in this experiment:CK(without fertilizer),FP(regular fertilizer),SJ40(600 kg·hm^(-2) organic-inorganic compound fertilizer+225 kg·hm^(-2) urea as additional fertilizer),SJ60(900 kg·hm^(-2) organic-inorganic compound fertilizer+225 kg·hm^(-2) urea as additional fertilizer),SJ80(1200 kg·hm^(-2) organic-inorganic compound fertilizer+225 kg·hm^(-2) urea as additional fertilizer),SJ40+30(600 kg·hm^(-2) organic-inorganic compound fertilizer+450 kg·hm^(-2) organic-inorganic compound fertilize as additional fertilizer).Results showed that wheat yield gradually increased with the increase amount of organic-inorganic compound fertilizer and reached a maximum of 9.26 t·hm^(-2),inorganic nitrogen,effective phosphorus,fast-acting potassium and organic matter content in the soil showed an increasing tendency compared with the control group.The use of organic-inorganic compound fertilizers also significantly reduced the contents of Cd and Pb in wheat grain,with maximum reductions of 28.8%and 30.3%,respectively.In conclusion,the rational use of organic-inorganic compound fertilizers could increase wheat yield,improve soil properties,and reduce the content of heavy metals in wheat,which had great application prospects in agricultural production.