梁启超“新民”与“群治改良”之异名实同

The Concepts“Xinmin”and“Qunzhigailiang”of Liang Qichao Having the Same Connotation

近代意义的“群”概念的出现,是近代转型时期知识分子在探索如何建立新的社会组织时对西学的回响。在梁启超的文本中,“群治”是以“群”为核心,用以表达社会人建立的社会秩序,且是人以群的状态存在的社会;另一重要概念“新民”,则用于表达“维新吾民”或“新的国民”。二者的核心都是梁启超社会政治思想——群,纵观梁启超“群治改良”的讨论路径和对“新民”的设计,在其经世思想的内核中表现出了高度的一致性,实则是异名而实同的概念表达。

The arising of the concept of“Qun”in modern significance is an echo to Western learning when intellectuals were exploring how to establish new social organizations in the modern period.In Liang Qichao’s text,“Qunzhi”takes“Qun”as the kernel,which is used to express the social order established by social people,and which is a society in which people exist in the state of Qun.Another important concept,“Xinmin”,is used to express“reforming the people”or“new people”.The core of both of them is Liang Qichao’s social and political thought—Qun.A general survey of Liang Qichao’s elaboration on“Qunzhigailiang”and his design for“Xinmin”shows a high degree of consistency in the kernel of his statecraft thought.Then we argue that the Concepts“Xinmin”and“Qunzhigailiang”of Liang Qichao share one connotation.