农林生物质热解制富酚生物油研究进展

Advances in the pyrolytic transformation of lignocellulosic biomass to phenol-enriched bio-oil

随着化石资源的日益枯竭及其消耗带来的环境污染问题,开发与利用可再生资源得到广泛关注。农林生物质是一种低成本、易得并且分布广泛的可再生资源,其主要由纤维素、半纤维素和木质素组成,是一种可再生的潜在能源,而农林生物质热解制富酚生物油是一种有前景的高值化转化方式。本综述首先介绍了木质纤维素的热解方式,然后系统介绍了木质纤维素的组成以及生物质种类对木质生物质组成的影响,并深入讨论木质纤维素各主要组分的热解机制并着重介绍制富酚生物油形成路径,以及探讨热解方式和催化剂种类(活性炭、沸石、金属氧化物等)对富酚生物油产率的影响。最后,对木质纤维素热解制富酚生物油的发展方向进行展望。木质纤维素生物质热解制酚类生物油将为化石能源的替代提供一条新的路径,为国家“碳达峰、碳中和”战略提供理论支持。

With the increasing depletion of petrochemical resources and the environmental pollution caused by their consumption,the development and utilization of renewable resources have attracted extensive attention.Agroforestry biomass(ABS)is a low-cost,easily available and widely distributed renewable resource,which is mainly composed of cellulose,hemicellulose and lignin,and is a potential renewable energy resource.Pyrolysis of lignocellulosic biomass to phenol-enriched bio-oil is a promising application in the future.The pyrolysis methods,composition of lignocellulosic biomass,pyrolysis mechanism of main constituents of lignocellulosic biomass(cellulose,hemicellulose,lignin),and the effects of pyrolysis methods and catalyst type(active biochar,metal oxides,zeolite)on the phenols yield in the obtained bio-oil were discussed in detail.At last,the future research orientation of lignocellulosic biomass pyrolysis into phenol-enriched bio-oil was put forward based on some key questions to be solved.The formation of phenolics bio-oil via lignocellulosic biomass pyrolysis will provide a new path for the replacement of fossil energy,and provide theoretical support for the national"carbon peaking,carbon neutrality"goals.