某型运输机环控系统改进及其性能分析

Improvement and Performance Analysis of Environmental Control System of Transport Aircraft

为消除发动机压气机引气中滑油蒸气污染座舱供气及对空气动压轴承运行的影响,改善某型运输机的座舱供气品质,提出用以动力涡轮驱动的离心压气机替代发动机压气机作为增压气源,在对空气循环系统的温控通路进行改进的基础上,形成了以离心压气机为增压气源的新环控系统。给出了新环控系统的性能计算方法,在飞行包线内对其性能进行了计算。计算结果表明,新环控系统的出口空气参数满足运输机对环控系统的要求,热天条件下新系统比原系统的发动机引气量至少节省10.3%,其他天气条件下,发动机引气使用量得到大幅节省,甚至超过60%。研究表明,新环控系统能够适应座舱热载荷的变化,合理使用发动机引气量,降低环控系统对发动机功率的消耗。

In order to eliminate the pollution of lubricating oil vapor in engine compressor air bleed to cabin air supply and its impact on the operation of air dynamic pressure bearings,and improve the cabin air supply quality of a certain type of transport aircraft,a centrifugal compressor driven by a power turbine is proposed to replace the engine compressor as the pressurized air source.On the basis of improving the temperature control path of the air cycle system,a new environmental control system is formed with the centrifugal compressor as the pressurized air source.The performance calculation method of the new environmental control system is given,and its performance is calculated within the flight envelope.The calculation results show that the outlet air parameters of the new environmental control system meet the requirements of the transport aircraft for the environmental control system.In the hot weather,the new system can save at least 10.3%of the engine air bleed flow compared with the original system.In other weather conditions,the engine air bleed flow can be greatly saved,even more than 60%.The research shows that the new environmental control system can adapt to the change of cabin thermal load to reasonably use the engine air bleed flow,and reduce the engine power consumption of the environmental control system.