中药通过肠道菌群改善肥胖症及其相关代谢性疾病的作用机制研究进展

Research progress on mechanisms of traditional Chinese medicine in improving obesity and its related metabolic diseases through gut microbiota

肥胖症及其相关代谢性疾病的发病率逐年增长,引发了全球性的公共健康问题。越来越多的研究发现肥胖症的发生发展与肠道菌群的结构及功能变化密切相关,两者关系的失衡被认为是代谢障碍的标志之一。中医药在治疗多种糖脂代谢紊乱引起的代谢性疾病中积累了丰富的经验,其在减重、改善糖脂代谢方面效果显著。但中药及其复方的有效成分口服生物利用度低,很难在靶器官达到起效浓度,而肠道可能是其主要作用器官。围绕肥胖症及其相关代谢性疾病与肠道菌群的相互作用,综述中药通过调节肠道菌群改善肥胖症、Ⅱ型糖尿病、代谢相关脂肪性肝病等代谢性疾病的研究进展,旨在为中药防治肥胖症等代谢性疾病提供理论依据,并为靶向肠道菌群抗肥胖及其并发症的药物研发提供参考策略。

The incidence of obesity and its related metabolic diseases is increasing year by year,causing a global public health problem.More and more studies have found that the occurrence and development of obesity are closely related to the structural and functional changes of gut microbiota,and the imbalance of the relationship between the two is considered one of the hallmarks of metabolic disorders.Traditional Chinese medicine in our country has accumulated rich experience in the treatment of many chronic diseases,including diseases caused by disorders of glucose and lipid metabolism,and it has shown significant effects on weight loss and improvement of glucose and lipid metabolism.However,the oral bioavailability of the active ingredients of traditional Chinese medicines and formulas is low,and it is difficult to reach the effective concentration in target organs while the intestine may be the main organ of action.Focusing on the interaction between obesity and its related metabolic diseases and gut microbiota,we summarized the current research progress of traditional Chinese medicine in improving metabolic diseases such as obesity,typeⅡdiabetes,and metabolic associated fatty liver disease by regulating gut microbiota in this review,aiming to provide a theoretical basis for the traditional Chinese medicine prevention and treatment of obesity and other metabolic diseases,and provide a reference strategy for the development of drugs targeting gut microbiota against obesity and its complications.