隔代教养家庭祖辈教养方式研究

Research on Grandparenting Style in Family of Grandparent Rai sing Grandchildren

为考察隔代教养家庭祖辈教养方式特点,通过问卷调查法对方便随机抽样的两所小学和一所中学的761名二年级至初一的学生进行主要教养人教养方式状况调查。研究结果表明:(1)祖辈教养占了52.9%(403人),其中:完全隔代教养家庭的祖辈教养人占4.9%,不完全隔代教养家庭的祖辈教养人占48%。(2)不完全隔代教养和完全隔代教养家庭的祖辈教养人以及父母教养人的教养方式均在“情感温暖”这一维度得分最高;但在“忽视”这一教养方式维度上存在显著差异,即完全隔代教养家庭祖辈教养人的得分显著高于父母教养人。(3)隔代教养家庭祖辈教养人的教养方式在“溺爱”维度上存在显著的性别差异,表现为对男孩的溺爱胜于女孩;同时,不完全隔代教养家庭祖辈教养人的教养方式在“溺爱”维度上存在显著的年级差异,表现为对低年级(二年级)孩子的溺爱胜于高年级(七年级)孩子。总之,与年轻父母的教养特点相比,隔代教养家庭祖辈教养方式虽有一定优势,但其劣势更加明显。

To understand the characteristics of grandparenting styles in the family of grandparents raising grandchildren,the questionnaire was used in a sample of 761 students from second-grade in two primary schools to first-grade in a junior middle school to investigate the main custodial parenting styles.The results indicated that:1)Among the sample of 761 participants,52.9%(403)families were grandparents raising grandchildren,of which 4.9%were completely grand-families,while 48%were co-residence with both parents and grandparents families.2)For the parenting styles,the custodians in all kind families scored highest in the dimension of emotional warmth comparing with any other dimensions of parenting styles;however,in the neglected dimension of parenting styles,the custodians in grandparenting families scored higher significantly than the one of parents.3)In the dimension of love,the grandparents gave love too much to male grandchildren significantly than to female grandchildren,and gave more love to low grade students than higher grade students.In summary,compared with the parenting characteristics,the grandparents’parenting styles have some advantages,but their disadvantages are more obvious.