电动复合增压对柴油机高海拔性能的影响

Effects of Electric Combined Supercharging on High-Altitude Performance of Diesel Engine

受高原环境影响,柴油机燃烧恶化,造成功率降低、油耗增高、有害排放物增多。采用废气涡轮增压能够一定程度改善上述问题,但也存在涡轮响应滞后、超速、喘振、增压效率随着海拔高度的增加而降低等不足。为有效解决上述问题,通过增加一级电动增压器的方法来改善柴油发电机组的高原环境适应性,利用GT-SUITE软件分别构建了某型发电用废气涡轮增压柴油机和电动复合增压的数值仿真模型,分析了电动复合增压技术对发电用柴油机高海拔性能的影响。结果表明,电动复合增压不仅能有效恢复柴油机输出功率和扭矩,海拔5000 m时,输出功率和扭矩分别提升了5.7%和9.2%,还可以有效降低燃油消耗率,海拔4500 m时的效果最好,减少了原机8.1%的油耗率。同时,对减少尾气中CO、HC化合物的排放也有一定效果。

Affected by the plateau environment,the combustion deterioration of diesel engine leads to power reduction,increased fuel consumption and more harmful emissions.The use of exhaust gas turbocharging can solve the problems to a certain extent,but there are also shortcomings such as the lag of turbo response,overspeed,surge,and the reduction of boost efficiency with the increase of altitude.To improve its adaptability to the plateau environment,the method of adding one more stage of electric booster was studied.Using GT-SUITE software,the numerical simulation models of a certain type of exhaust gas turbocharged diesel engine for power generation and an electric combined supercharging were established.The electric combined supercharging on the high-altitude performance of diesel engine for generation was analyzed.The results show that the compound electric supercharging can not only restore the output power and torque of the diesel engine effectively,but also reduce the fuel consumption rate.At an altitude of 5000 m,the output power and torque are increased by 5.7%and 9.2%respectively,and the fuel consumption rate has been reduced by 8.1%at the altitude of 4500 m.At the same time,it also has a certain effect on reducing the emissions of CO and HC compounds in the exhaust gas.