农业保险对农户合作行为的影响、机制与含义——以农村灌溉集体行动为例

Effects,mechanism,and implications of agricultural insurance on farmers'cooperation:Evidence from irrigation collective action in rural China

我国已成为全球最大的农业保险市场,农保作为现代经济制度在促进我国农村经济发展的同时也为公共治理提出了挑战。探究参加农保对农户合作行为的影响,发现农保显著降低了农户对集体灌溉事务的讨论、参与和贡献程度,且这种负向影响主要出现在北方农村。与补偿产量和价格的农保相比,补偿收入的农保对合作的影响更强,农户对农保的产品认知和投保意愿也会影响合作行为,而农业贷款在一定程度上可以缓解农保的影响。并在此基础上,从农户相互依赖性、社会资本、农业依赖性、劳动力外流及收入异质性等方面对农保的影响机制进行检验和分析,提出通过区别化推广农保、培育新型社会资本及发展农村金融服务,有望实现农保的完善与乡村治理的提升协同并进。

China has become the world's largest agricultural insurance market.Agricultural insurance,as a modern economic institution,has improved the economic development of Rural China but has challenged rural governance.This paper empirically examines the impact of agricultural insurance on farmers'cooperative behavior and finds that agricultural insurance significantly reduces the degree of discussion,participation,and contribution of farmers to collective irrigation.Heterogeneity analysis suggests the negative impact of agricultural insurance on cooperative behavior mainly occurred in northern China.Agricultural insurance compensating for declining revenue has a stronger effect on farmers'cooperation than compensating for declining quantities and prices.Farmers'perceptions and willingness to enroll in agricultural insurance also affect cooperative behavior.Furthermore,this paper finds that agricultural loans can alleviate the adverse effects of agricultural insurance on farmers'cooperative behavior.This paper analyzes and tests the impact mechanism of agricultural insurance weakening farmers'cooperative behavior from the aspects of farmers'interdependence,social capital,agricultural dependence,labor outflow,and income heterogeneity.The policy implication is that by differentiating agricultural insurance promotion,cultivating new social capital,and developing rural financial services,such as agricultural loans,agricultural insurance and rural governance could be improved in a coordinated manner.