聚焦绿色转型重塑中国空间经济格局:问题辨析与路径选择

Reshaping China's spatial economic pattern under the goal of green transformation:Problem identification and path selection

中国正处于绿色转型攻坚阶段,如何重塑中国空间经济格局并正反馈于绿色转型已经成为当前亟需考虑和解决的重大现实问题。在“4D”理论框架下,结合绿色转型要求对“第一自然”和“第二自然”重塑中国空间经济格局进行再发现和再认知。研究表明:中国空间格局不经济的主要诱因在于:人口疏密交互降低能源效率、增加能耗强度;土地、能源、水等资源空间错配拉大经济距离、加剧能源消耗;自然、陆海、城乡与区域多重分割加大交易成本、抑制生态效率;独特多样的地区禀赋低效利用、形成“高碳锁定”。为此,聚焦绿色转型提出中国应从精明增长、建设紧凑对流型空间,促进人产城能融合、提高资源配置效率,加快陆海空协同发展、压缩时空距离,发挥资源禀赋优势、推动绿色低碳优势互补发展等方面重塑中国空间经济高质量发展新格局。

China is in the critical stage of green transformation.How to reshape China's spatial economic pattern and then positively feedback green transformation has become a major practical problem that needs to be considered and solved urgently.Under the framework of"4D",this paper rediscovers and re-understands the reshaping of China's spatial economic patem by"first nature"and"second nature"in combination with the requirements of green transformation.The main reasons for China's spatial diseconomies lie in the following aspects:the interaction between depopulation and overpopulation reduce energy efficiency and increase energy consumption intensity;spatial mismatch of resources such as land,energy,and water increase economic distance and intensify energy consumption;multiple divisions of nature,land,sea,urban-rural and region increase transaction costs and inhibit ecological efficiency;unique and diverse regional endowments are used inefficiently,resulting in"high carbon lock-in".Therefore,under the goal of green transformation,this paper proposes that China should reshape the spatial economic pattern in terms of four main paths:growing smart and building a compact convection space;promoting the human,industry,city and energy to integrate and improving resource allocation efficiency;accelerating land,sea and air coordinated development and compressing spatial distance;giving full play to the advantages of resource endowments and creating a new pattern of green and low-carbon complementary development,respectively.