家庭为中心的护理指导在小儿肺炎中的应用及对患儿肺功能指标影响

Application of Family-centered Nursing Guidance in Pediatric Pneumonia and Its Effect on Pulmonary Function Indexes

目的探究家庭为中心的护理指导应用至小儿肺炎护理中的效果及对患儿肺功能指标的影响。方法选择本儿童医院儿科2021年9月至2022年9月收治的78例肺炎患儿作为研究对象,遵循随机数表分组准则将其分别纳入对照组(n=39)及观察组(n=39)。对照组治疗期间实施常规护理,观察组在对照组的基础上给予家庭为中心的护理指导。比较其症状缓解效率、肺功能改善情况,评估其遵医行为落实情况。结果观察组咳嗽、咳痰、发热、肺部啰音、X线肺部阴影消失时间均短于对照组(P<0.05)。出院当日,两组达峰时间比(t-PTEF/t-E)、呼气峰流速(PEF)、用力肺活量占预计值百分比(FVC%)水平高于入院当日,观察组t-PTEF/t-E、PEF、FVC%水平高于对照组(P<0.05)。观察组规范用药、坚持锻炼、合理饮食等遵医行为评分高于对照组(P<0.05)。结论对肺炎患儿应用家庭为中心的护理指导,对其肺功能指标改善具有积极影响,可加快其症状转归,促进其配合医护人员养成健康的行为习惯。

Objective To explore the effect of family-centered nursing guidance applied to pediatric pneumonia care and its influence on pulmonary function indicators in children.Methods Seventy-eight children with pneumonia admitted to the department of pediatrics of our Children's Hospital from September 2021 to September 2022 were selected as research objects,and were included in the control group(n=39)and the observation group(n=39)according to random number table grouping criteria.The control group received routine nursing during treatment,and the observation group received family-centered nursing guidance on the basis of the control group.The efficiency of symptom relief and improvement of lung function were compared,and the compliance behavior was evaluated.Results The disappearance time of cough,sputum,fever,lung rales and X-ray lung shadow in observation group was shorter than that in control group(P<0.05).On the day of discharge,the peak time ratio(t-PTEF/t-E),peak expiratory flow rate(PEF),forced vital capacity to predicted value(FVC%)of the two groups were higher than those of the day of admission,and the t-PTEF/t-E,PEF,FVC%of the observation group were higher than those of the control group(P<0.05).The scores of compliance behavior in the observation group were higher than those in the control group(P<0.05).Conclusion The application of family-centered nursing guidance for children with pneumonia has a positive effect on the improvement of lung function indexes,can accelerate the symptom recovery,promote their cooperation with medical staff to develop healthy behavior habits.