词典互动对儿童电子图画书阅读的影响

The contribution of dictionary interactivity on young children’s electronic picture book reading

电子图画书阅读是儿童使用数字媒体的重要内容。相比纸质图画书,互动是电子图画书最重要的特征,而词典互动则是电子图画书中最常见的互动特征之一。本文从阅读参与度、词汇习得和阅读理解三个方面,梳理和总结词典互动对儿童电子图画书阅读的影响。梳理已有研究可见:(1)在阅读参与度上,词典互动让电子图画书有着与纸质书相似的阅读效果,但未能表现出明显优势,未来研究可能需要进一步结合诸如眼动、生物反馈仪等手段对阅读参与度进行更加客观的评估;(2)在词汇习得上,有词典互动的电子图画书能够提供类似成人伴读纸质书时的词汇互动与指导效果。与无词典互动的电子图画书相比,词典互动能显著促进儿童的词汇习得。动态词典互动,尤其是在呈现目标词文本的动态词典互动中,儿童的词汇习得水平更高。词典互动能促进特殊需要儿童的词汇习得,但对不同社会经济地位和已有词汇能力的儿童,其效果仍有争议;(3)在阅读理解上,词典互动的作用仍不够明确,这可能与研究设计、阅读理解的测量方法不同有关。未来研究可从阅读内容的难度与类型、词典互动的方式与水平、儿童的个体差异等方面进一步探究词典互动的作用,并探讨词典互动影响儿童电子图画书阅读的认知加工机制。

Young children have become increasingly exposed to electronic picture books.Most electronic picture books are programmed to be interactive such as being functional with dictionary interactivity.This review identified that the dictionary interactivity facilitates young children’s engagement in reading electronic picture books,but the advantage is not obvious,however.In terms of vocabulary learning,the review found young children learn more words that appear in the book,and progress the most after reading the electronic picture book with dynamic dictionary and the printed focal words.The effectiveness of dictionary interactivity in the support of vocabulary learning among children with special needs is well recognized,yet its effect on children from different socioeconomic status remains debatable.Inconsistent findings exist in different empirical studies regarding the effect of dictionary interactivity on children’s story comprehension.It is difficult to draw a conclusion due to the research design and the assessment of story comprehension that varied in previous studies.This review proposed future research should explore the impact factors including with the difficulty and genre of text,the means and level of dictionary interactivity and the children’s individual difference,and explores the underlying mechanisms of dictionary interactivity in promoting reading experiences.