复杂地表特征下超大型风电机组载荷响应

Load Response of Super-Large Wind Turbines Under Complex Ground Surface Features

随着风电退补贴和双碳战略目标的到来,风电场不断被安装在各种复杂地形下。为了研究不同复杂地表特征对百米级大型风力机非定常载荷的影响,基于实测风速谱模型,对不同典型地表特征参数的边界层大气采用逆Fourier法生产全域端流风速,之后耦合叶素动量理论和几何精确梁方法对总高度为270m的15MW超大型风电机组进行载荷响应计算,通过与功率曲线理论值对比验证了方法的准确性,计算误差约为7%。之后,对不同地表特征参数下的风力机载荷进行仿真,结果表明,地表特征参数的增大可使风力机功率、叶根摆振力矩和叶根挥舞力矩分别降低约8%、5%和5%左右;该特征参数对风力机载荷的影响与来流风速大小存在交互调制现象;功率谱分析结果表明地表特征参数主要影响载荷谱的低频响应,其高频响应主要受风力机转频等动力学特性的影响。

With the arrival of wind power subsidy and dual-carbon strategic goals,wind farms are constantly being installed in various complex terrains.In order to study the influence of different complex surface characteristics on the unsteady load of a 100-meter large wind turbine,based on the measured wind speed spectrum model,the inverse Fourier method is used to generate the global turbulent wind speed for the boundary layer atmosphere with different typical surface characteristic parameters.Then,the load response calculation of the 15 MW ultra-large wind turbine with a total height of 270 m is carried out by coupling the blade element momentum theory and the geometrically exact beam method.The accuracy of the method is verified by comparing with the powercurvea,nd the calculated deviation was about 7%.Afterwards,the wind turbine loads under different surface characteristic parameters are simulated.The results show that the surface roughness can reduce the wind turbine power,blade root edgewise moment and blade root flapwise moment by about 8%,5%and 5%,respectively.The influence of roughness on wind turbine loads has an interactive modulation phenomenon with the incoming wind speed.The power spectrum analysis results show that the surface roughness mainly affects the low-frequency response of the load spectrum,while the high-frequency response is mainly affected by the rotor dynamic characteristics such as the wind turbine rotational frequency.