清代国师《二世章嘉自传》史料价值探析

A Study on the Autobiography of Lcang Skya Ngag Dbang Chos Ldan During Qing Dynasty

二世章嘉阿旺曲丹作为清代驻京八大呼图克图之一,曾被清朝康熙皇帝赐封为“普顶广慈大国师”。《二世章嘉自传》真实地记录了二世章嘉一生的政教事迹。该传分别撰写于两个时段,最后成书于1714年。目前,《二世章嘉自传》共有两种版本,北京版收录于雍正皇帝下令刊刻的《二世章嘉文集》中,拉萨版则是依据1725年皇帝赠予五世班禅和七世达赖的北京版刊印本,刊刻于拉萨哲蚌寺。两版本均有残缺之处,可相互补充与修正。《二世章嘉自传》对研究章嘉呼图克图世系,清代蒙藏关系史以及藏传佛教在清宫传播史均具有重要参考价值。

Lcang Skya Ngag Dbang Chos Ldan,one of the Eight Lamas in the Great Qing Dynasty,became the tutor of the Emperor Kangxi.The autobiography of Lcang Skya Ngag Dbang Chos Ldan is an important historical text that records the political and religious deeds,and the life of the Second Lcang Skya Lama.The biography was written in two periods,and the final book was written in 1714.At present,there are two versions of the autobiography of the Second Lcang Skya.The Beijing version is included in the Collected Works of of the Second Lcang Skya,which was ordered to be printed by Emperor Yongzheng.The Lhasa version is based on the Beijing edition given by the Emperor to the Fifth Panchen Lama and the Seventh Dalai Lama in 1725,and was printed in the Drepung Monastery in Lhasa.Both versions have some defects,which can be supplemented and revised through the Autobiography of the Second Lcang Skya.This biography has an important reference value for the study of the system of Lcang Skya Lama during the Qing Dynasty,the history of Mongolian-Tibetan relations during Kangxi period,and the history of the spread of Tibetan Buddhism in the Qing Palace.