摘要
帮助犯的不法源于其通过加工正犯的实行行为促进法益侵害,帮助行为的本质在于提升正犯实行行为的危险;中立帮助行为的处罚边界应立足于对可罚的帮助行为实质而规范的解读。行为人的主观明知不同于犯罪故意,明知影响对行为危险性的评价,继而应作为不法帮助行为的要素;在中立的帮助场合,基于保障行动自由的考虑,不法的帮助行为仅限于确定的明知与高度盖然的明知;基于帮助犯的结构性特征,可罚的帮助应仅限于正犯着手后对其实行行为产生重要促进作用的帮助。职业行为或履行义务等直接为刑法分则构成要件规制时,原则上具有违法性,构成相关犯罪的实行犯。
The illegality of an accessory originates from his or her promotion of legal interest infringement by processing the perpetrating act of principal offender.The essence of help behavior is increasing the danger of the principal offender's act.The boundary of punishment for neutral help behavior should be based on substantive and normative interpretation of punishable help behavior.The actor's subjective knowing is different from crime intention.Knowing affects the evaluation of the danger of the act,and then should be regarded as an element of illegal help behavior.In the case of neutral help,based on the consideration of ensuring freedom of action,illegal help behavior should be limited to the situations of certain knowing and high probable knowing.Based on the structural characteristics of accessory,the punishable help behavior should only be limited to the help behavior that significantly facilitates the principal offender's perpetrating act in the stage of criminal execution.When professional behavior or performance of obligations are directly regulated by the constitutive requirements of the specific provisions of the Criminal Law,they are in principle illegal and constitute the perpetrator of relevant crimes.
出处
《东岳论丛》
CSSCI
北大核心
2023年第4期164-174,192,共12页
DongYue Tribune
基金
上海市哲学社会科学规划课题(项目编号:2020BFX002)阶段性成果。