中国参与全球数字贸易治理——基于亚太地区规则合作的机遇与挑战

China’s Participation in Global Digital Trade Governance:Opportunities and Challenges for Rule-Based Cooperation in Asia-Pacific Region

贸易增长方式变革、数字保护主义升级和数字发展鸿沟加深要求提升全球数字贸易治理能力、加强数字贸易规则合作。亚太地区经济体数字经济基础牢固、规则合作需求较为迫切,但由于地区经济体在数字贸易自由化雄心水平上存在较大差异且大国博弈使地区贸易问题日趋政治化,客观上增加了数字贸易规则合作的难度。目前,亚太经济体通过参与超级区域贸易协定和区域数字经济/贸易协议两种路径积极开展数字贸易规则合作,初步形成区域数字贸易治理合作范例与典型模板。中国应从补齐数字贸易发展短板、完善数字贸易国内规则、深化区域数字经贸合作、积极参与区域规则谈判、鼓励数字企业规则实践等方面提升参与数字贸易治理的能力水平。

The transformation of trade growth pattern, escalation of digital protectionism and deepening of digital development divide call for enhancing global digital trade governance capacity and strengthening cooperation on digital trade rules. Economies in the Asia-Pacific region have a solid foundation in digital economy and an urgent need for the rule-based cooperation. However, due to the great differences in the ambition level of digital trade liberalization among Asia-Pacific economies and the increasing politicalization of digital trade issues under the circumstances of great power games, the difficulty of digital trade rules’ cooperation in the region has been increased. At present, Asia-Pacific economies have actively carried out rule-based cooperation on digital trade through participating in mega regional trade agreements and regional digital economy/trade agreements. Examples and typical templates for regional rule-based cooperation on digital trade are starting to take shape. China can improve its ability to participate in global digital trade governance by addressing the weakenesses in digital trade development, improving the domestic regulation of digital trade, deepening regional digital economic and trade cooperation, actively participating in the negotiations of regional rules, and encouraging digital enterprises to practice the rules.