“三权分置”与农民农村共同富裕的四维耦合及实践推进——基于政治经济学的视角

Four-dimensional Coupling and Practical Promotion of “Division of Three Rights” and Common Prosperity of Farmers and Rural Areas——From the Perspective of Political Economy

农村土地“三权分置”改革对于促进农民农村共同富裕具有重要影响。共同富裕可从整体富裕、共享富裕、全民富裕及精神富裕四个方面来阐释,因此,推动农民农村共同富裕就要促进农民农村整体富裕、共享富裕、全民富裕及精神富裕。在农村土地“三权分置”制度中,落实集体所有权通过确保土地权益合理分配和促进集体经济发展机制,稳定农户承包权通过保障集体权益分配权和保障土地财产收益机制,放活土地经营权通过促进城乡生产要素双向流动机制,对不同维度农民农村共同富裕产生推动作用。针对集体经济组织角色定位偏差与能力有限、新增集体成员承包权难以实现及城乡要素双向流动过程中产生的多种问题,应通过加强集体经济组织内部管理与优化管理队伍、创新承包权实现方式及畅通城乡要素双向流动,进一步完善农村土地“三权分置”改革,推动农民农村共同富裕。

The Reform of the “division of three rights” of rural land has an important impact on promoting the common prosperity of farmers in rural areas. Common prosperity can be explained from four aspects: overall prosperity, shared prosperity, national prosperity and spiritual prosperity. Therefore, to promote the common prosperity of farmers and rural areas is to promote the overall prosperity, shared prosperity, national prosperity and spiritual prosperity of farmers in rural areas. In the rural land “division of three rights” system, implementing collective ownership can ensure the rational distribution of land rights and interests and promote collective economic development, stabilizing the farmers’ contract rights can ensure the distribution right of collective rights and guarantee the land propertyincome, and activating the land management rights canpromote the two-way flow of urban and rural production factors, all above can promote the common prosperity of farmers and rural areas in different dimensions. In view of the various problems arising from the deviation and limited capacity of the role positioning of collective economic organizations, the difficulty in realizing the contracting rights of new collective members and the two-way flow of urban and rural elements, it is necessary to further improve the reform of the “division of three rights” of rural land by strengthening the internal management and optimizing the management team of collective economic organizations, innovating the way to realize the contracting rights and smoothing the two-way flow of urban and rural elements, so as to promote common prosperity of farmers and rural areas.