摄食训练联合神经肌肉电刺激对缺血性脑卒中吞咽障碍患者吞咽功能和营养状况的影响

The Effects of Feeding Training Combined with Neuromuscular Electrical Stimulation on Swallowing Function and Nutritional Status in Patients with Dysphagia after Ischemic Stroke

目的研究摄食训练联合神经肌肉电刺激对缺血性脑卒中吞咽障碍患者吞咽功能和营养状况的影响。方法选取2020年5月至2022年7月医院收治的缺血性脑卒中吞咽障碍患者60例,按照随机数字表法分为对照组(30例)和观察组(30例)。对照组行摄食训练,观察组在对照组基础上行神经肌肉电刺激。观察两组的干预总有效率、舌骨喉复合体动度、吞咽功能[标准吞咽功能评估表(SSA)评分、功能性经口摄食评估表(FOIS)评分]、营养[三酰甘油(TG)、白蛋白(ALB)、前白蛋白(PA)]水平。结果观察组干预总有效率较对照组高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。干预后,两组的SSA评分均降低,且观察组较对照组更低,两组的舌骨喉复合体动度、FOIS评分和TG、ALB、PA水平均升高,且观察组较对照组高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论摄食训练联合神经肌肉电刺激应用于缺血性脑卒中吞咽障碍患者中的干预效果较好,可提高舌骨喉复合体动度,改善吞咽功能,纠正营养不良。

Objective The effects of feeding training combined with neuromuscular electrical stimulation on swallowing function and nutritional status in patients with dysphagia after ischemic stroke was investigated.Methods With selection of 60 ischemic stroke patients with dysphagia admitted to the hospitals from May 2020 to July 2022,they were divided into the control group(30 cases)and the observation group(30 cases),by using the random number table method.The control group received feeding training,while the observation group received neuromuscular electrical stimulation on the basis of the control group.The total effective rate of intervention,hyoid laryngeal complex motility,swallowing function[standard swallowing function assessment table(SSA),Functional Oral Intake Scale(FOIS)],and nutrition[triglyceride(TG),albumin(ALB),and prealbumin(PA)]levels were observed in both groups.Results The total effective rate of intervention in the observation group was higher than that in the control group(P<0.05).After intervention,the SSA scores of both groups decreased(P<0.05),and the observation group was lower than the control group(P<0.05).After intervention,the mobility of the hyoid laryngeal complex,FOIS score,and levels of TG,ALB,and PA in both groups increased(P<0.05),and the observation group was higher than the control group(P<0.05).Conclusion The intervention effect of feeding training combined with neuromuscular electrical stimulation in patients with dysphagia after ischemic stroke is good,which can improve the mobility of the hyoid laryngeal complex,improve swallowing function,and correct malnutrition.