免疫检查点TIGIT在肿瘤中的研究进展

Advances in Research on Immune Checkpoint TIGIT in Tumors

T细胞免疫球蛋白和免疫受体酪氨酸抑制基序结构域蛋白(TIGIT)是近年来新发现的免疫检查点,作为免疫球蛋白超家族的一种受体,TIGIT通过抑制免疫细胞功能参与免疫抑制并造成肿瘤免疫逃逸。应用TIGIT抗体来治疗恶性肿瘤,在肿瘤免疫疗法中展示出广阔的前景。国内外药企开发了一系列以TIGIT为靶点的药物,包括TIGIT单抗与程序性死亡受体-1(PD-1)/TIGIT双抗。目前全球有10余款TIGIT抗体已进入临床研究阶段,但尚无相关药物获批上市。综述了TIGIT的表达、分子结构与信号通路、免疫调控作用机制以及相关新药的研发进展。

T-cell immunoglobulin and immune rceptor tyrosine inhibitory motif domain protein(TIGIT)is a newly discovered immune checkpoint in recent years.As a receptor of immunoglobulin superfamily,TIGIT participates in immune suppression and causes tumor immune escape by inhibiting immune cell function.The appication of TIGIT antibodics for the trcatment of malignant tumors has shown promising future in tumor immunotherapy.Domestic and foreign pharmaceutical enterprises have developed a series of drugs targeting TIGIT,including TIGIT monoclonal antibodies and programmed death receptor-1(PD-1)TIGIT bispecific antibodies.At present,there are more than 10 TIGIT antibodies in the world that have entered the clinical studies,but no related drugs have been approved for marketing.This article introduces the expression,molecular structure and signaling pathway of TIGIT,as well as its immune regulatory mechanisms and the progress in research and development of related new drugs.