不同药剂对猕猴桃花腐病的防治效果

Control Effects of Different Agents Against Blossom Blight of Kiwifruit

【目的】明确6种药剂对猕猴桃花腐病的田间防治效果,筛选高效、安全的药剂用于指导猕猴桃的田间生产。【方法】采用随机区组设计开展田间试验,测定喷施6种药剂后猕猴桃花腐病的发病率及病情指数,通过计算防治前后发病率和病情指数的变化值来判断防治效果,并记录猕猴桃植株生长情况和花果发育性状来评价其安全性。【结果】6种药剂对猕猴桃花腐病呈不同水平的防治效果,且均对猕猴桃植株安全。防治前各处理组与对照组的发病率、病情指数均无显著性差异;连续两次施药防治后,各处理组和对照组的发病率较防治前均呈增加趋势,且发病情况变化值差异显著,其中对照组的发病情况变化值最大,发病率与病情指数增幅分别达13.29%和6.84;春雷·溴菌腈与四霉素·丙硫唑处理组的变化值最小,发病率增幅均小于1.50%,病情指数增幅均小于1.00。田间防治效果与发病情况相对应,连续两次施药后,春雷·溴菌腈处理表现出最高的防治效果,四霉素·丙硫唑次之,均达75%以上。各药剂施用后对猕猴桃植株均无药害症状和其他不良影响,且较对照组呈不同水平的保花保果增产作用。6种药剂中,春雷·溴菌腈、四霉素·丙硫唑最能有效延缓猕猴桃花腐病病原菌的传播与扩散,减轻发病程度,可以高效安全地防治猕猴桃花腐病。【结论】针对猕猴桃花腐病,筛选出春雷·溴菌腈、四霉素·丙硫唑两种高效安全的药剂,可在猕猴桃田间生产中进行推广。

【Objective】The research was carried out to clarify the field control effects of six agents on blossom blight of kiwifruit,and to screen efficient and safe agents for guiding the field production of kiwifruit.【Method】The field control experiment was carried out by using random block design,and the incidence rate and disease index of blossom blight of kiwifruit after the application of six agents were determined,and the control effects were evaluated by calculating the change values of incidence rate and disease index before and after treatment.The safety of each agent was evaluated by its effects on the growth situation of kiwifruit plants and the development characteristics of flowers and fruits.【Result】Six agents showed different control effects on blossom blight of kiwifruit,and all of them were safe to kiwifruit plants.The results of field trials showed that there was no significant difference in incidence rate and disease index between the treatment groups and the CK group before control.After two consecutive treatments,the incidence rates of treatment groups and CK group showed an increasing trend compared with those before control,and the change values of the disease situation were significantly different,among which the change value of the CK group was the largest,and the incidence rate and disease index increased by 13.29%and 6.84,respectively.The change values of kasumin•brothermothingonil and tetramycin•propyrithiazole were the smallest,with the increase of incidence rate less than 1.50%and the increase of disease index less than 1.00.The field control effect corresponded to the disease situation.After two consecutive treatments,the treatment of kasumin•brothermothingonil showed the highest control effect,followed by tetramycin•propyrithiazole,both of which were above75%.All agents had no phytotoxicity symptoms and other adverse effects on kiwifruit plants after the application of agents,and showed different degrees of flower protection,fruit protection and yield increase compared with the CK group.The results showed that among the six agents,kasumin•brothermothingonil and tetramycin•propyrithiazole were the most effective in delaying the transmission and spread of the pathogen of blossom blight of kiwifruit,reducing the disease severity,and controlling blossom blight of kiwifruit efficiently and safely.【Conclusion】Two effective and safe agents-kasumin•brothermothingonil and tetramycin•propyrithiazole are screened for blossom blight of kiwifruit,which can be promoted in field production of kiwifruit.