浙江丽水皮氏菊头蝠回声定位叫声特征

The Characteristics of Echolocation Calling of Rhinolophus pearsonii(Chiroptera:Rhinolophidae)in Lishui,Zhejiang Province

蝙蝠回声定位叫声信号特征具有种属特异性。文章分析了浙江丽水皮氏菊头蝠(Rhinolophus pearsonii)回声定位叫声信号特征的性别差异。结果表明:皮氏菊头蝠发出长的FM-CF-FM型的声波。在两性体型和声波参数比较中发现:雌性的体重比雄性的大,前臂长比雄性的长;在声波参数方面,除了脉冲时程(t=0.357,P>0.05)外,脉冲间隔(t=-2.836,P<0.05)、主频率(t=-26.556,P<0.05)和能率环(t=2.138,P<0.05)在两性的比较中均表现出显著性差异。在与江西种群和贵州种群的比较中,发现皮氏菊头蝠发出的声波结构相似(均为长的FM-CF-FM型),体型在不同种群中较为接近,但在回声定位声波参数特征比较中,发现不同地理种群间存在一定的差异(包括主频率、脉冲时程和脉冲间隔)。本研究结果将为皮氏菊头蝠的基础生态学及种群遗传学研究提供一定的参考。

The echolocation calling of bats are of species.The purpose of this study is to analyze the sex differences of echolocation calling of Rhinolophus pearsonii in Lishui,Zhejiang province.The results show that R.pearsonii produces long FM-CF-FM of echolocation calling.In the sexual comparisons of body size,both body mass and fore arm length are higher and longer in females than those in males.In the sexual comparisons of acoustic parameters,except for call duration(t=0.357,P>0.05),call interval(t=-2.836,P<0.05),dominant frequency(t=-26.556,P<0.05)and duty cycle(t=2.138,P<0.05)are significantly different between females and males.In comparisons with Jiangxi population and Guizhou population,we have found the calling structure(long FM-CF-FM calls)and body size of R.pearsonii among different populations are similar.However,in the comparisons of acoustic parameters of echolocation,we find that there are some differences(including dominant frequency,calling duration and inter-pulse interval)among different geographical populations.The results of this study will provide a reference for the basic ecology and population genetics of R.pearsonii.