西南地区玉米-大豆带状套作成本及综合效益分析

Cost and comprehensive benefit analysis of maize-soybean relay strip intercropping system in Southwest China

为了探究玉米-大豆带状套作模式在西南地区的推广价值,采用比较分析法和主成分分析法,对4种种植模式,即玉米-大豆带状套作(SRI)、玉米-大豆单行套作(RI)、单作玉米(MM)和单作大豆(MSB)的产量、产值、成本、成本构成及综合效益进行了分析。与单作相比,SRI模式显著提高土地复种指数,提高了土地利用率,具有良好的产出效果,不同地区SRI模式的平均纯收益为13422.17元/hm^(2),较RI、MM和MSB模式分别高24.15%、32.86%和554.98%;SRI总成本为13252.70元/hm^(2),较MM和MSB模式分别高31.99%和100.72%,较RI模式低1.87%。总成本中用工费用所占的比例最高,较MM和MSB模式分别增加21.51%和76.28%,较RI模式低2.85%;就综合效益而言,川南-仁寿、川中-乐至和川西-雅安地区的SRI模式综合效益排名均位于各地区第一,川南和川中丘陵地区的综合效益最好,其次为川西盆周山区。玉米-大豆带状套作模式是西南地区提高经济效益和综合效益较为理想的种植模式,其在丘陵地区的推广价值要高于盆周山区。

To investigate the potential value for popularizing of maize and soybean relay strip intercropping sys⁃tem in Southwest China,comparative analysis and principal component analysis were used to examine the yield,out⁃put value,cost composition,and comprehensive benefits of four planting patterns:maize-soybean relay strip inter⁃cropping(SRI),maize-soybean single-row intercropping(RI),single-cropping maize(MM),single-cropping soy⁃bean(MSB).The SRI model significantly increased the land multiple cropping index and the utilization rate of land and had a good output effect,the average net income of the SRI model in different regions is 13422.17 CNY/hm^(2),which was 24.15%,32.86%and 554.98%higher than those of RI,MM and MSB respectively.The total cost of SRI was 13252.70 CNY/hm^(2),which was 31.99%and 100.72%higher than those of MM and MSB,respectively,but 1.87%less than that of RI.Labor cost accounted for the greatest share of the total cost,increasing by 21.51%and 76.28%respectively,when compared with MM and MSB,and increasing by 2.85%when compared with RI.The comprehensive benefits of SRI models in southern Sichuan(Renshou),Sichuan central-Lezhi,and western Sich⁃uan(Yaan)were all ranked first,and the comprehensive benefits of southern Sichuan and central Sichuan hilly ar⁃eas were the best,followed by the mountainous areas around the Sichuan Basin.Thus the maize-soybean relay strip intercropping model was an ideal planting model to improve economic and comprehensive benefits in Southwest Chi⁃na,and its popularization value in hilly areas was higher than that in mountainous areas around the basin.