基因增强的虚无主义面向与人文归宿

Nihilism Orientation and Humanistic Destination of Genetic Enhancement

基因增强技术给人类社会带来发展机遇的同时,也引发了巨大的人文争议。主要体现在超人类主义和生物保守主义的针锋相对。二者虽有可取之处,却最终会陷入形而上学的虚无主义结局。要化解“技术-社会”之间的矛盾,必须扬弃基因增强导致的人文关怀上的虚无主义,对基因增强技术的人文风险及伦理语境展开多维度透视,界定基因增强应坚守的伦理原则。基因增强的人文问题归根到底是人与自然的关系问题,因此,可以在马克思关于人与自然生态和谐理念的指导下,在实践上寻求一条马克思式的“技术-社会”和谐发展之路,使基因增强技术更好地维护人的尊严、促进人类发展。

While genetic enhancement technology has brought opportunities for development to human society,it has also triggered huge humanistic disputes.It is mainly reflected in the tit for tat of superhuman and biological conservatism.Although there are merits,they will eventually fall into the nihilism of metaphysics.To resolve the contradiction between"technology and society",the nihilism in humanistic care caused by genetic enhancement must be sublated,carry out a multi-dimensional perspective on the humanistic risks and ethical context of genetic enhancement technology,and define the ethical principles that genetic enhancement should adhere to.The humanistic problem of genetic enhancement is,in the final analysis,the relationship between man and nature.Therefore,under the guidance of Marx's concept of ecological harmony between man and nature,a Marxist way of"technology society"harmonious development in practice can be seen.So that genetic enhancement technology can better safeguard human dignity and promote human development.