肺部微生物群在肺纤维化疾病中的研究进展

Research progress of pulmonary microbiota in pulmonary fibrosis

随着16SrRNA测序、宏基因组二代测序(mNGS)等病原微生物检测技术的发展与成熟,健康或病理状态下的肺部被鉴定出存在多种微生物群落,肺部微生物群与肺部疾病密切相关。肺部微生物群落发生改变或微生态紊乱可能会导致免疫反应失调,进一步推动肺部疾病的发展。许多类型的间质性肺疾病最终可进展至弥漫性肺纤维化,例如特发性肺纤维化、慢性过敏性肺炎等,近年来发病率呈明显上升趋势。间质性肺疾病一旦进展至肺纤维化,预后极差,死亡率较高。大量研究表明,肺部微生物群与多种慢性肺纤维化疾病具有显著相关性。本文通过总结肺部微生物群在不同类型肺纤维化疾病中的研究现状以及可能参与肺纤维化疾病发病机制,为肺纤维化疾病提供新的治疗策略。

With the development and maturity of pathogenic microbial detection technologies such as 16SrRNA sequencing and metagenomic next-generation sequencing(mNGS),a variety of microbial communities have been identified in healthy or pathological lungs,and lung microbiota is closely related to lung diseases.Changes in the pulmonary microbial community or the disturbance of the microecology may lead to the dysregulation of the immune response and further promote the development of lung diseases.Many types of interstitial lung diseases can eventually progress to diffuse pulmonary fibrosis,such as idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis,Chronic hypersensitivity pneumonitis,the incidence of which has been rising significantly in recent years.Once the interstitial lung disease progresses to pulmonary fibrosis,the prognosis is very poor and the mortality is high.A large number of studies have shown that pulmonary microbiota is significantly correlated with a variety of chronic pulmonary fibrosis diseases.In this paper,by summarizing the research status of pulmonary microbiota in different types of pulmonary fibrosis diseases and its possible involvement in the pathogenesis of pulmonary fibrosis diseases,and provides new treatment strategies for pulmonary fibrosis diseases.