计划行为理论视角下青光眼患者自我管理障碍的质性研究

Qualitative research of self-management disorders in glaucoma patients from the perspective of planned behavior theory

目的基于计划行为理论探究青光眼患者自我管理障碍的可能原因,以期为临床制定干预方案提供依据。方法采用目的抽样法,对符合条件的12名医护人员及12例患者进行半结构访谈,根据Colaizzi 7步法对访谈资料进行分析。结果基于计划行为理论,共提炼7个主题。行为态度:认知偏差、负面情绪;主观规范:社会包容欠佳、家庭支持不足;知觉行为控制:自我管理知识不足、自护能力欠缺、客观因素制约。结论青光眼患者自我管理障碍因素较多,医护人员应纠正患者认知偏差,争取社会及家庭支持,强化其自我管理知识及能力,从而促进患者行为意向的转变,以提高其自我管理能力。

Objective Based on the theory of planned behavior,the possible causes of self-management disorders in glaucoma patients were explored,in order to provide a basis for clinical intervention plans.Methods Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 12 eligible medical staff and 12 patients using the objective sampling method,and the interview data were analyzed according to Colaizzi's 7-step method.Results Based on the theory of planned behavior,a total of 7 themes are refined.Behavioral attitudes:cognitive biases;Negative emotions;Subjective norms:poor social inclusion and inadequate family support;Perceptual behavior control:insufficient self-management knowledge,lack of self-protection ability,and objective factors.Conclusion There are many factors in self-management disorders of glaucoma patients,and medical staff should correct patients'cognitive biases,strive for social and family support,and strengthen their self-management knowledge and ability,so as to promote the change of patients'behavior intentions and improve their self-management ability.