中国居民收入的地区差距与分布动态演进趋势

Regional Disparity and Distribution Dynamic Evolution Trend of China’s Resident Income

居民收入差距问题是共同富裕进程中需要关注的重点问题。基于2014—2020年中国居民收入省级数据,直观展示中国居民收入的基本特征和空间格局,深入解析中国居民收入的地区差距与分布动态演进趋势。研究发现,中国居民收入空间分布不均衡,呈现“东高西低、南北倒U型”的分布态势;基尼系数双维分解结果表明,居民收入地区差距总体呈收敛趋势,区域间的工资性收入差距是地区差距的主要来源。Kernel密度估计和Markov链分析结果表明,中国居民收入增长势头强劲,相邻省份间存在正空间相关性。研究结论为新时期有的放矢缩小居民收入差距、推动区域协调发展提供理论支撑,对于改善居民收入分配格局、扎实推动共同富裕具有一定参考价值。

Resident income gap is a key issue that needs to be paid attention to in the process of common prosperity.Based on the provincial data of China’s resident income from 2014 to 2020,the basic characteristics and the spatial pattern of China’s resident income are directly displayed,and an in-depth analysis is made on the regional disparity and distribution dynamic evolution trend of China’s resident income.The study finds that the spatial distribution of China’s resident income is uneven,showing a distribution trend of“high in the Eastern and low in the Western regions,and inverted U-shape in the Northern and Southern regions”.The two-dimension decomposition result of Gini coefficient shows that the regional income gap is convergent in general,and the salary income gap between regions is the main source of the regional gap.The results of Kernel density estimation and Markov chain analysis show that the growth of China resident income is strong and there is a positive spatial correlation between neighboring provinces.The research conclusion provides theoretical support for narrowing the income gap and promoting regional coordinated development in a targeted way in the new era,and has certain reference value for improving the distribution pattern of resident income and promoting common prosperity.