工业智能化对非农流动人口就业结构的影响研究

Impact of industrial intelligence on the employment structure of non-agricultural floating population

随着机器人开始进入生产领域,越来越多的制造企业实现生产智能化。文章使用Probit模型研究工业智能化对我国非农流动人口就业的影响。研究发现:(1)2016年前工业智能化对非农流动人口就业主要呈负向影响,2017—2018年转为正向;(2)工业智能化可以通过提高全要素生产率来促进非农流动人口就业;(3)工业智能化对非农流动人口非常规工作有显著的促进作用,且对非常规知识型岗位的就业促进效应高于非常规操作型岗位,但对常规工作影响不显著。当前,我国正大力推进新型城镇化建设,实现城镇化的关键要素是能否保证就业,因此应继续放宽户籍制度限制,加强非农流动人口技能培训,实现非农流动人口充分就业。

As robots begin to enter the production field,more and more manufacturing enterprises achieve intelligent production.This article uses Probit model to study the impact of industrial intelligence on the employment of non-agricultural floating population in China.The research finds that:(1)Before 2016,industrial intelligence had a negative impact on the employment of non-agricultural floating population,and from 2017 to 2018,it turned positive;(2)Industrial intelligence can promote the employment of non-agricultural floating population by improving total factor productivity;(3)Industrial intelligence has a significant promoting effect on the unconventional work of the non-agricultural floating population,and its employment promoting effect on unconventional knowledge based posts is higher than that on unconventional operation based posts,but its impact on conventional work is not significant.At present,China is vigorously promoting the construction of new urbanization.The key factor to achieve urbanization is whether employment can be guaranteed.Therefore,we should continue to relax the restrictions of the registered residence system,strengthen the skills training of non-agricultural floating population,and achieve full employment of non-agricultural floating population.