认知语言学视角下的“一词多义”现象分析

A Study on Polysemy from the Perspective of Cognitive Linguistics

“一词多义”现象在语言中颇为普遍,历来是学界关注的热点话题。基于对“一词多义”现象及既有研究的分析,认知语言学可从本质上阐释“一词多义”现象产生的内在机制和外在表现形式。具体而言,从宏观层面,原型范畴理论可为“一词多义”现象提供整体框架,而从微观层面,概念隐喻和转喻则可为“一词多义”现象提供认知机制和深层动因。通过对“一词多义”现象的认知研究,深入探究“一词多义”所具有的普遍性、延展性以及经济性特征,并尝试为词汇学研究的推进和发展提供有益启示。

Polysemy is a common phenomenon in language, which has always been a hot topic in academic studies. Based on the careful observation of polysemy and the insights of existing studies, cognitive linguistics can explain the internal mechanism and external manifestations of polysemy in essence. Specifically, prototype category theory provides the overall framework for polysemy at the macro level, while conceptual metaphor and metonymy provide cognitive mechanism and deep motivation for polysemy at the micro level. Through the cognitive study of polysemy, this paper aims to explore the universality, extensibility and economy of polysemy,and tries to contribute to the promotion and development of lexicology.