燃料电池铂系和非铂系催化剂的研究进展

Research progress of platinum-series and non-platinum-series catalysts for fuel cells

随着人们对化石能源和环境的关注度的提高,对能源的需求和要求与日俱增,新能源的开发无疑是目前人们面临的重大挑战之一。燃料电池应运而生,它极大地满足了人们对高性能、高利用率以及具有环境友好型的可再生能源的探求。但目前燃料电池商业化主要受困于其高昂的催化剂成本以及缓慢的阴极氧还原反应。阴极氧还原反应是燃料电池的基本反应,因其具有较高的过电势(300~400 mV)而动力学反应缓慢,故需加入催化剂以提高其反应速率。本文分别从铂系和非铂系两个方面介绍了燃料电池的阴极催化剂,并总结了提高催化剂性能的途径。

With the increasing attention to fossil energy and the environment,the demand and requirements for energy are increasing day by day,and the development of new energy is undoubtedly one of the major challenges that people are currently facing.Fuel cells emerged as the times require,which greatly satisfies people’s pursuit of high-performance,high-utilization and environmentally-friendly renewable energy.However,the current commercialization of fuel cells is mainly limited by its high catalyst cost and slow cathode oxygen reduction reaction.Cathode oxygen reduction reaction is the basic reaction of fuel cell,because of its high overpotential(about 300~400 mV)and slow kinetic reaction,it is necessary to add catalyst to increase its reaction rate.In this paper,the cathode catalysts for fuel cells are introduced from two aspects of platinum series and non-platinum series,and the ways to improve the performance of the catalysts are summarized.