水稻高产耕层构建及地力保育技术模式

Integrated Technique for Construction of Cultivated Layer and Conservation of Soil Fertility in Lowland Rice

辽宁省是我国重要的水稻产区,稻田长期重用轻养导致土壤肥力下降、耕层变浅变硬,严重制约了该区域水稻可持续高产能力。以秸秆还田和深耕为核心的水稻高产耕层构建及地力保育技术是黑土地保护与利用的有效技术之一。简述了“高留茬+深翻”和“秸秆粉碎+深旋”两种模式的高产耕层指标、秸秆促腐还田、合理深耕、养分精准调控和适宜密植栽培等主要措施、技术应用效果及存在问题。

Liaoning Province is an important rice producing area in China.However,in this region,rice production is facing challenges due to decrease of soil fertility,decline of plough layer depth,and increase of soil bulk density.For the protection and utilization of paddy soils,the integrated technique for construction of cultivated layer and conservation of soil fertility is one alternative using straw returning and deep tillage,including high stubble returning with deep ploughing tillage and straw smashing returning with deep rotary tillage.This paper briefly presents main technical measures in the integrated technique,such as its quality index of cultivated layer,straw return,reasonable deep tillage,precise nutrient recommendation and suitable dense transplanting,and then its application effects and existing problems are analyzed.