契丹语动词“在、是”研究

Study of the Verb“be,is”in Khitan Language

随着契丹文字原始资料不断被发现、相关研究成果逐渐被积累,契丹文字研究取得了一定的进展。被辨别的契丹语各类动词对契丹词语的解读、句子成分的辨析、语法形态变化的研究均有重要的促进作用。契丹大、小字碑铭出现了语法作用和词语意义相近的三组动词,分别是表示“在时”的助动词■(■)和■(■)、表示“在的”的形动词■(■)和■(■)、表示“在、是”的普通动词■(■)和■(■)。对这三组动词的辨析以及与亲属语言的对比研究,不仅可以提升契丹大、小字文献的释读进程,而且可以进一步推进北方民族古文字比较研究。

With the continuous discovery of the original materials of Khitan scripts and the gradual accumu⁃lation of relevant research results,the study of Khitan scripts has made some progress.Identification of various verbs in Khitan language an important role in promoting the interpretation of vocabulary,the discrimination of sentence components and the study of grammatical morphology are all important to promote.According to the au⁃thor’s observation,there are three groups of verbs with similar grammatical functions and lexical meanings in the inscriptions of the Khitan script.They are the auxiliary verbs()and(),for“in tense”;A form verbs’()and(),meaning“be in”;The common verbs()and(),for“is”.The discrimina⁃tion of these three groups of verbs and the comparative study of their relatives’languages can not only improve the interpretation process of Khitan original materials of large and small scripts,but also further promote the comparative study of northern ethnic ancient characters.