我国非正式照顾者相关研究的可视化分析

A visual analysis of researches on informal caregiver in China

目的:使用可视化分析软件对国内非正式照顾者相关的文献进行分析,探讨该领域的研究热点和前沿。方法:以中国知网(CNKI)、万方(WanFang)、维普(VIP)三大中文数据库为数据来源,检索建库以来所有非正式照顾者相关的文献,分别对文献数量、作者、机构、关键词进行可视化分析。结果:经过去重以及排除不相关研究之后共纳入4642篇文献进行可视化分析。发文量稳步增长并呈现4个主要阶段;发文量最多的作者是张振香学者,发文量最多的机构是复旦大学;关键词聚类结构共12个,结合突现词及中介中心性,总结出该领域研究主要人群为老人、儿童和某些特定疾病患者非正式照顾者;热点研究内容包括非正式照顾者照顾负担的评估及干预、非正式照顾者与儿童照顾问题、非正式照顾者能力的评估和提升。结论:随着社会结构的变化,社会对非正式照顾者的需求逐渐增加,非正式照顾者负担问题严重,非正式照顾者能力提升问题突出,也吸引了越来越多的学者投入该领域的研究;但是不同学者和机构之间的联系不够紧密,提示在今后的研究中可考虑由权威机构牵头,积极寻求合作,实现资源共享,开展多中心、大样本的研究,构建科学有效的评估和干预方案。

Objective:To analyze the literatures related to informal caregivers in China by visual analysis software,and to explore the hot spots and frontiers of researches the field of informal caregivers.Methods:The three major Chinese databases including CNKI,WanFang,and VIP were used as data sources for searching all literatures related to informal caregivers since the establishment of the databases.The number of literature,authors,institutions,and keywords were analyzed visually.Results:After de-duplication and exclusion of irrelevant studies,a total of 4642 literatures were included for visualization and analysis.The number of articles steadily increased and showed four main stages.The author with the largest number of publications was ZHANG Zhenxiang,and the institution with the largest number of publications was Fudan University.To summarize,the main populations studied in this area were the elderly,children and caregivers of people with certain chronic diseases,meanwhile,the hot research topics included assessment and intervention of care burden,assessment and enhancement of competence of informal caregivers.Conclusion:With the change of social structure,the demand for informal caregivers in society is gradually increasing,the problem of caregiver burden is serious,and the problem of caregiver capacity enhancement is prominent,which also attracts more and more scholars to invest in researches in this field.However,the connection between different scholars and institutions is not enough.It is necessary to prompt authoritative institutions to take the lead in future research,actively seek cooperation,achieve resource sharing,conduct multi-centre and large sample studies,so as to construct scientific and effective assessment and intervention plans.