土地利用转型背景下社会经济—生态环境耦合协调研究:以长江沿岸城市为例

Study on the Coupling Coordination of Socio-economic and Ecological Environment under the Background of Land Use Transition:A Case Study of the Cities Along the Yangtze River

长江经济带在我国经济发展与生态文明建设中均处于重要战略地位,其生态环境与社会经济相协调对区域乃至全国的可持续发展具有重大意义。该研究采用耦合协调度模型、土地利用隐性功能指数等方法对1990—2020年长江经济带沿岸城市社会经济与生态环境耦合协调关系的变化及其与土地利用转型的关系进行了探讨。结果表明:研究区表现出明显的土地利用转型趋势,尤其是下游城市主要表现为耕地占比锐减和建设用地占比猛增;土地利用隐性功能指数则呈整体先下降后上升的“U”字型趋势。社会经济-生态环境耦合协调程度整体呈上升趋势,处于失调状态的城市数量波动下降。研究初期耦合协调度与具有生态功能的地类占比呈正相关,与经济功能为主的地类占比呈负相关。根据土地利用隐性功能指数与耦合协调度的增减情况可将城市分为5种类型,处于负-正相关型的城市数量最多,且以下游城市为主,与研究区整体类型一致,各区段类型则主要受到区段内经济较为发达城市的主导。长江经济带要获得长期良性发展,就要从调整产业结构、优化土地利用格局、关注生态环境问题、增强区域内的联系等方面着手,使生态环境与社会经济相互促进,进而提高区域内的人居环境和居民生活幸福感。

The Yangtze River Economic Belt is in an important strategic position in China′s economic development and ecological civilization construction,and the coordination of its ecology and economy is of great significance to the sustainable development of the region and even the whole country.This paper explores the change of the coupling coordination relationship between socio-economic and ecological environment in the cities along the Yangtze River from 1990 to 2020,and the relationship between the coupling coordination and land use transition by using ArcGIS 10.2 software and by constructing the index system,based on the coupling coordination degree model and the recessive land use function index.The results show that these cities showed obvious trend of land use transition,especially in the lower reaches of the river,which was characterized by sharp decrease of cultivated land and sharp increase of construction land.The recessive land use function index of these cities shows a"U"pattern.The degree of coupling and coordination of socio-economic and ecological environment in these cities is on the rise,and the number of cities in a state of imbalance is fluctuating down.At the beginning of the period studied,the coupling coordination degree was positively correlated with the proportion of land type with ecological function,and negatively correlated with the proportion of land type with economic function.The cities can be divided into five types according to the increase or decrease of the indexes.The largest number of cities is the negative-positive correlation type,mainly the downstream cities,which is consistent with the overall trend of the river basin.The regional type is mainly dominated by the more developed cities.For the healthy development of the Yangtze River Economic Belt,it is necessary to adjust the industrial structure,optimize the pattern of land use and strengthen the connection between the two ends of the basin,so as to make the joint promotion of ecological environment and socio-economic for the improvement of the living environment and the well-being of the residents in the region.